Samjiyon is a collection of three lakes formed around 1 million years ago when volcanic eruptions from Mount Paektu and its surrounding volcanoes blocked a north-flowing river. The area’s bedrock is primarily basalt, with a pumice layer extending 2 to 5 meters below the surface.
These lakes, located near present-day Samjiyon, are endorheic, meaning they have no outflow. The catchment area is approximately 4 square kilometers, with the primary water sources being atmospheric precipitation and groundwater. The lakes are home to various aquatic plants and fish, including the Samjiyon carp. The clear waters are bordered by sandy shores, and the surrounding highland edges are covered in dense, pristine forests of birch, hazel, spruce, and fir, creating a stunning landscape.
In 1980, Samjiyon was designated as National Natural Monument No. 347, recognizing its ecological significance and ensuring its protection.
